MEASURING THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON COUNTRIES USING COMPOSITE INDEXES

Consumers, regulators, government institutions, and the media are all directly affected by globalization. Globalization is a recognized economic phenomenon that is often seen as a catalyst for national economic growth and development. The economy, politics, and society have become more intertwined in the last two decades. A trend in one part of the world quickly influences development in other parts. The COVID-19 epidemic is an excellent example of this interdependence. The purpose of this study is to systematically review the literature which deals with the study of composite indices measuring globalization and its impact. This is accomplished by collecting and classifying 65 peer-reviewed publications, primarily from Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct, and augmented by a search of existing databases and bibliographies. This review elaborates on the six widely cited globalization indexes. The study will contribute to existing literature and theories by documenting and comparing currently used composite indices. Findings show that despite its shortcomings, the KOFGI is the most popular index with sixty three percent of globalization studies citing it followed by ATK/FP as second most cited index.

COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of cross-cultural differences on crisis management: A conceptual model of transcultural crisis management

In this paper, leadership tasks and stakeholder response during transboundary crisis management are analyzed based on findings from Hofstede's study, GLOBE Project, and theoretical concepts in cross-cultural management. Accordingly, a conceptual model of transcultural crisis management is proposed. Seven propositions (P) and sixteen sub-propositions (SP) are developed and then tested using the case method. The case of the COVID-19 pandemic is studied to note the effects of cross-cultural differences and intercultural communication in the pre-crisis, crisis, and post-crisis stages. Cross-cultural differences are found to affect sense-making, decision-making, sense-giving and meaning-making during pre-crisis and crisis management stages. Implications of these findings and further research agenda are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

CORFU GENERAL STATE ARCHIVES FROM LOCAL TO GLOBAL: KNOWLEDGE, INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY AS KEY FACTORS IN THE SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF OUR CULTURAL HERITAGE

The article aims to present the importance of archival institutions not only for local history and culture, but also for the history of a broader geographical area. As repositories of historical documents, archives furnish valuable insights into many topics. The Ionian Islands form the best example of social, economic, political and cultural osmosis in the Mediterranean world. This uniqueness makes the Archives of Corfu an invaluable asset for research. Since the contemporary crisis, such as the coronavirus pandemic, has served to illustrate that cultural institutions should explore new avenues of cultural management, the article also suggests that the level of innovation and creativity achieved during the crisis should be maintained to ensure that our new normal is part of a brighter future. © 2022, Maribor Provincial Archives. All rights reserved.

Cooperative development based on labor union impulse. The case of Artist and related trades Cooperatives in Uruguay

Uruguayan cooperativism is characterized by strong links with guilds and unions, and the cooperative figure has often been a tool to address their demands. This is the case of the Cooperatives of Artists and Related Trades (CAOC), a new figure in the country, created as a result of negotiations between the Performing Arts Unions and the State, which seeks to include an informal and traditionally unprotected sector in the social security system. This paper analyzes, on the basis of a qualitative case study, the singularity of the relationship between these unions and the first two established artists' cooperatives (Valorarte and Coopaudem). The objective is to understand the functioning of these organizations which, as observed in the joint approach to the COVID-19 crisis, are a clear example of the possibility of generating strategic alliances between unionism and cooperativism. The leading role played by trade unions in the process of estabishing this type of cooperatives, as well as in the founding of the aforementioned CAOCs, confirms the clear relevance of this ooperatives as a trade union tool. Likewise, it is noted that this quasi-symbiotic relationship presents strengths in the operational aspect and in the achievement of the goals of each organization, constitutes a novel and innovative modality, but also compromises the principles of free membership and cooperative autonomy. Finally, it is assessed that this relation deepens the weaknesses these organizations inclusion and links with the rest of the cooperative sector, with whom it has had little contact since its inception.

The Internal Demand of Cultural Tourism: Understanding Satisfaction and Fidelity to Destination in Spain through a Non-Linear Structural Model

The new habits of tourist consumption favor the rise of cultural tourism, either as the primary or complementary offer of a destination. Therefore, it is necessary to deepen the study of the behavior of cultural tourism demand. This research aims to develop a structural model that allows measuring the main variables that affect the satisfaction and loyalty of the internal demand of the cultural tourist to a heritage destination. The results are helpful for the design of tourism management. The hypotheses posited have been tested using non-linear structural equations (SEM), estimated with data from the National Statistics Institute on internal demand for cultural tourism in Spain (n = 18,024). The results confirm the importance of socio-cultural variables and the tourist’s experience on fidelity to the visited destination. Furthermore, the negative relationship between the repetition of the visit and satisfaction is striking.

Art and culture in the COVID-19 era: for a consumer-oriented approach.

Since the outbreak of the Coronavirus pandemic, the arts and culture sector has been experiencing a paradoxical situation. While the demand for cultural and creative content has intensified throughout the lockdown period--and digital access has become more critical than ever before--economic indicators predict that the cultural sector will be one of the most affected, and probably one of the slowest to recover. Beyond short-term initiatives such as surveys or data collection aiming to provide artists and intermediaries with financial and logistical supports, both academics and practitioners must engage in joined-up thinking on the future of art consumption, especially from a consumer's perspective. This commentary paper addresses the main challenges faced by the economy of arts and culture in times of global health crisis by pinpointing the specificities of cultural goods and services. More specifically, the paper shows the extent to which traditional patterns of consumption have been affected, and what research is needed to develop sustainable solutions. We argue that consumers will be critical players in the recovery process, and four research directions are suggested accordingly: (1) data collection on consumers' cultural practices; (2) consumers and the digital cultural experience; (3) consumers' engagement and loyalty in the arts and culture; and (4) consumers' well-being.

The role of culture on 2020 SARS-CoV-2 Country deaths: a pandemic management based on cultural dimensions.

This study aims to analyze the role of cross-cultural country differences during a global pandemic. Based on country cultural dimensions and country economic indicators, the research proposes specific policies that might prove of value in order to manage and better respond to present and future critical events such as the 2020 SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. The methodology is based on multivariate analysis for the first set of countries and cross-country comparative analysis for the second set of countries. Research results reveal the critical role of the cultural dimensions individualism, power distance, masculinity, long-term orientation and indulgence, along with the country economic context in the magnitude of the consequences of a global pandemic within a country specific context. Based on these results, the study proposes policies adjusted to the countries specific cultural and economic frameworks in order to promote the most effective and efficient management of a critical event such as a global pandemic.